Santa
Maria Assunta of Ariccia, Santa Maria in Gradi of Viterbo: Comparison
between methodological and operational exemplifications
by Rosanna Cancellieri
The right limit
that mustn’t be overpassed by any intervention of restoration
and reintegration of monuments - either damaged or defaced as a consequence
of a state of abandon or catastrophes - is one of the most delicate
issues under discussion within the structures operating in this field.
The problem gets even harder when it comes to the recovery of Baroque
architecture’s historical values. Sometimes, the choice is one
of a rigorous and absolute conservation, where any transformation undergone
by the manufact must be conserved. In other occasions, an almost retrospective
approach privileges some criteria to reconstruct a “rebuilt”
primary image with a literate or analogical translation of the lost
reality. But there are also integrative projects whose technological
choices betray the contemporary character of reconstruction; these projects
may be sharable provided that their priority is to avoid any clash,
whether formal or material, with the primary building and rather to
try and adapt to it.
This contribution means to illustrate the cognitive processes of two
monuments with a high historic and artistic value: the monumental complex
of S. Maria Assunta, a Gian Lorenzo Bernini’s most famous work,
and of S.Maria in Gradi of Viterbo that we owe to Nicola Salvi. Both
have led to the understanding and, as a consequence, to the definition
of two different proposals for intervention.
So there are two different and particular methodological lines but still
many unsolved problems. The only true and certain reference is the realness
of any work of art that affirms the absolute priority and need for its
original parts to be conserved, consolidated, protected, reintegrated,
enhanced but never replaced.